Can a Company Eliminate Inventory Essay

Irrespective of the type of business that a company engages in, whether manufacturing, distribution or services, maintaining a certain quantity of inventory is inevitable. The quantum will depend on the operations of the company as well its policies relating to inventory storage and accounting. However advances in technology and new techniques of production have made it possible for companies to reduce inventory, albeit not eliminate it completely. Technological innovations and developments including barcode readers, asset tracking devices, inventory management software and Point of Sales (POS) systems, among others, aid greatly in reducing excess inventory. With the help of these devices a company is made aware of the exact quantity and type of stock it possesses. Sales, purchases and stock-in-progress are readily recorded and the resulting final stock value can be determined immediately. As a result, the company can identify the excess stock present and choose to either reduce production or increase deliveries to customers. This will decrease the inventory. Moreover, with the use of inventory management software, a company can plan and schedule the production process in a manner so as to manufacture the quantity of goods that will match the demand for the same. Various new techniques of production that reduce inventory, and thereby costs, have also been developed. The most popular one is the Just-in-Time (JIT) method of production or the Toyota Production System. The JIT system integrates various areas of production and management to reduce inventory and the costs associated with its storage and supervision. It relies on signals called â€Å"Kanban† that notify when the next part of the process must be implemented. Production is driven by demand and the system stresses upon such inventory-reducing methods as reducing lot-sizes, ensuring frequent deliveries and reduction of number of parts. Thus, advances in technology have allowed companies to significantly reduce their inventory. With the use of these innovations, a company can discern the actual need for inventory and plan its production and other operations accordingly. Wastage of stock as well as money will be diminished. Nonetheless it must be noted that no company can survive with zero inventory. Every company will have to maintain a certain amount of stock to continue operations without interruption. Thus, advancements in technology can help a company to reduce inventory to a large extent, but not to eliminate it completely.

Compariosn of pre 1914 and Wilfred Owen’s poems Essay

By comparing and contrasting a selection of war poems, consider the ways in which attitudes to war have been explored and expressed. When considering poetry written post 1900 concentrate on a selection of poems written by Wilfred Owen. War has been an influential topic for poetry for many centuries and through its catastrophic cruelty and sense of patriotism has created some of the most brilliant poets and most controversial poems ever written. With each different war comes different poets who want to write their views on it and just as motives of war differ, so do the opinions of the poets; some see war as barbaric and destructive, whereas others portray it as a way of ennobling oneself. Before the technology and media coverage we have nowadays, stories of battle were passed down by word of mouth and were often written in poetic form so they could be memorized easily. Just as the artillery used in the wars has changed, the way war is portrayed has as well. Before World War 1 began in 1914, it was seen as a glorious opportunity for men to serve and defend their country. In many poems war is compared to a game, for example in â€Å"Vitai Lampada† written by Henry Newbolt, the refrain â€Å"Play up! Play up! And play the game!† is repeated at the end of each stanza to try and rally the soldiers and ready them for battle. Newbolt uses the leitmotif of comparing fighting to playing a cricket match to ease the pressure off the soldiers by making it seem fun and competitive. He uses the simile: â€Å"Beat through life like a torch in flame† to portray how the schoolboys have responsibilities and also to show how these must be passed down through the generations to protect their country, just like the Olympic torch. War is also compared to a game in Henry V’s speech in Shakespeare’s play, Henry V. He declares: ‘The game’s afoot,† once again understating the enormity of the battle. In addition Shakespeare uses the battle cry â€Å"God for Harry, England and Saint George!† to show that the English are on the righteous side and have a duty to serve their country. Before 1914, there was no compulsory military service and therefore Britain did not have a huge army like other European countries. However World War 1 was so large, conscription needed to be introduced, meaning all men of the appropriate age were obliged to go to war. Along with conscription came the propaganda to encourage men to join up and a popular form was poetry. Poets like Jessie Pope and Rupert Brooke wrote poems convincing men that war would be an exciting opportunity with their friends and that it is their duty to honour and serve for England. However, one of the most famous war poets, Wilfred Owen, had a different view of the war. At first he wrote in a similar way to the likes of Pope and Brooke, but after experiencing first-hand action in the front line his work became less idealistic. One of Owen’s most famous poems is â€Å"Dulce et Decorum est†. The Latin title means â€Å"it is sweet and fitting to die for your country† and it is used ironically to anticipate an idealistic poem, but it is quite the opposite. Owen wrote this poem in reply to the jingoistic recruiting poems written by Jessie Pope; they glorify war and make it seem like a great opportunity for men to have an adventure with their friends. In the first two lines of â€Å"Dulce et Decorum est†, Owen uses the vivid imagery of â€Å"old beggars† and â€Å"coughing like hags† and the reader thinks that he is describing someone elderly or of low status. However, in the lines that follow, we realize that Owen is actually talking about soldiers who are walking away from the front line: â€Å"Till on the haunting flares we turned our backs And towards our distant rest began to trudge.† Owen uses the word â€Å"haunting† to portray that the battle they have endured will stay in their minds forever. To convey the exhaustion of the men Owen uses hyperbole: â€Å"men marched asleep†¦drunk with fatigue†. This shows how fighting was physically draining for the soldiers and contradicts the glamorous image that Pope’s poems conjure up. In the second stanza Owen illustrates the terrifying scene of a gas attack. He repeats the word â€Å"GAS† for a second time in capital letters to convey a sense of urgency and also to imply how fatigued the men were as they needed it to be repeated louder a second time for them to realise the situation. Owen uses polysyllabic words like â€Å"ecstasy† and â€Å"fumbling† and â€Å"clumsy† to convey a sense of panic and alarm. He describes how one man did not get his gas mask on in time and is â€Å"flound’ring like a man in fire or lime†. This portrays that the gas he is inhaling is burning and the image â€Å"as under a green sea, I saw him drowning† is very powerful because it shows that the gas overwhelms his lungs just as water does when you drown. The line â€Å"In all my dreams, before my helpless sight† shows how Owen will remember that scene forever, and the word â€Å"helpless† suggests that he cannot do anything about the flashbacks and horrible memories he will have to endure but it also implies that he could not do anything to help the soldier who was dying. Owen uses the adjectives â€Å"guttering, choking, drowning† to illustrate the soldier’s horrific death; the word â€Å"guttering† is especially effective as you use it to describe a candle about to go out, just as the man’s life is about to be extinguished. Owen bitterly attacks Jessie Pope in the last stanza. He sarcastically addresses her as â€Å"my friend† and uses gruesome comparisons like â€Å"Obscene as cancer† and â€Å"bitter as the cud of vile† to portray the horror of war. The line â€Å"incurable sores on innocent tongues† implies that the some soldiers who were very young will have terrifying memories with them for the rest of their lives. He appeals to the senses by using hideous and graphic imagery: â€Å"If you could hear, at every jolt, blood- Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs†. The adjective â€Å"froth-corrupted† illustrates how the man’s lungs had been plagued by the gas and what a horrific death he had to endure. He uses the simile: â€Å"like a devil’s sick of sin† to describe the soldier’s face, suggesting a sense of repulsion and disgust. Owen depicts the soldiers as â€Å"children ardent for some desperate glory† portraying that Pope’s recruiting poems wrongly persuaded boys that were not of age to vulnerably serve their country. In the last two lines Owen frames the poem by repeating the title, but he uses it ironically as he says it is â€Å"The old Lie†, contradicting other pre World War 1 poems that give the impression men will be considered heroic if they serve their duty. Owen once again opposes the notion that women will treat soldiers, who return home from war injured, like heroes in his poem â€Å"Disabled†, Owen opposes the idea that women will treat the soldiers, who return from the war injured, like heroes. In the poem â€Å"Fall In† by Harold Begbie, he persuades men to join the army by using the sexual attractiveness of women. The lines: â€Å"When the girls line up in the street, Shouting their love to the lads come back,† implies the men will be seen as courageous and gallant for fighting. However, Owen explains this is not the case in the lines: â€Å"Now he will never feel again how slim, Girls’ waists are, or how warm their subtle hands, All of them touch him like some queer disease†. The metaphor â€Å"like some queer disease† expresses how the women are afraid he may be contagious and how they find him repulsive. Just as in â€Å"Dulce et Decorum est†, at the beginning of the poem we think Owen is describing an elderly man because he uses the phrase â€Å"ghastly suit of grey† which infers old age. But then we discover how he â€Å"threw away his knees†; he chose to enlist for the army and that is portrayed a grave mistake, a waste of his life. The line: â€Å"Poured it down shell-holes till the veins ran dry† also infers that the man opted to fight as the verb â€Å"poured† suggests that he did it himself. In addition, Owen portrays how the boy was not motivated by principles to sign up: â€Å"Someone had said he’d look a god in kilts†. He had been induced by vanity and also to â€Å"please his Meg†; once again the notion of impressing the women is used. Even though his face was â€Å"younger than his youth† the line â€Å"Smiling they wrote his lie: aged nineteen years,† shows that the authorities were unscrupulous as the y knew he was just a boy but still let him sign up. â€Å"Disabled† is a very contrasting poem and Owen repeats the word â€Å"now† to emphasize the contrast between what he was, and what he has now become: â€Å"Now he is old†. Owen uses the motif of football throughout, but not in the positive way Newbolt does in â€Å"Vitai Lampada†. He uses it ironically to show the difference between his life before the war when he was fit and agile, and now when he is condemned to a passive lifestyle in a wheelchair. When he was playing football â€Å"he liked a blood smear down his leg,† implying that he thought it looked manly and would impress the girls. Now however, he can only watch boys playing football: â€Å"voices of play and pleasure after day† and the women do not see him as heroic as their eyes â€Å"Passed from him to the strong men that were whole†. The word â€Å"whole† creates a strong image of him being limbless and is powerful as it is not very compassionate, just like the women. In the last two lines, Owen repeats the rhetorical question: â€Å"Why don’t they come?† The first question is directly addressing the nursing staff, portraying that they do not care for the wounded solider or are disgusted by his wounds and the second question portrays a sense of abandonment; he is confused because he fought in the war and people should honour what he has done instead of pitying and disposing of him. Owen’s â€Å"Mental Cases† has a similar theme to â€Å"Disabled† except it focuses on the mental aspect of fighting and not the physical aspect. The purpose of this poem is to describe to the reader that the conditions were so terrible in the First World War that it drove people insane. The tone of the poem is an angry one; Owen portrays his opposition to the war through line such as: â€Å"Multitudinous murders they once witnessed†. The word â€Å"multitudinous† means the common people and shows how Owen thought that the ordinary people of Britain were being slaughtered and that young, fit men were the subject of untimely deaths. It also emphasises the vast scaled of the murders and the intensity of the war. Owen uses very powerful and vivid imagery in the first stanza with phrases such as â€Å"drooping tongues† and â€Å"purgatorial shadows† to describe the men. The word â€Å"purgatorial† suggests that they are trying to cleanse their soul of the sins they have committed, but are trapped by their own violent actions in the war. Owen uses the word â€Å"shadows† to portray them as ghosts, men that go unnoticed because they are insane and not normal. This is ironic because they were probably once very fit and able and are now spending their lives in an institute. The first stanza poses the question of what made the men mad and Owen uses rhetorical questions to engage the reader: â€Å"but what slow panic gouged these chasms round fretted sockets?† This phrase conjours up a strong image of the men being wide eyed with a constant look of terror upon their face. Owen utilizes the phrase â€Å"slow panic† to infer that the men have been subject to a form of torture and that they have painfully been made to suffer. The phrase â€Å"deeply gouged† suggests wrinkles implying that the men are quite old; however we learn that the men have not lost their minds due to age, but due to war. The lines: â€Å"Always they must see these things and hear them, Batter of guns and the shatter of flying muscles,† use realistic and gruesome imagery to describe the battles. Onomatopoeia is used through the words â€Å"shatter† and â€Å"batter† making the reader almost hear the tremendous bangs of the guns and making them understand the intensity of the situation. The phrase â€Å"human squander† portrays Owen’s thoughts that many â€Å"multitudinous murders† took place and that their lives were lost for no reason; it was a mistake. In the final stanza Owen describes to the reader how the mental cases wish they were dead so they did not have to remember the atrocious carnage that they have seen: â€Å"Dawn breaks open like a war that bleeds afresh†. This simile is effective because usually dawn brings new beginnings and fresh opportunities, but to these men it just means they have to endure memories of what the war did to them. This poem is a very personal one as in the last four lines; Owen uses words like â€Å"us† and â€Å"brother†. This shows that the men blame us for allowing what happened to occur, and how they wish that they did not have to be reminded of it any longer. Wilfred Owen’s wrote â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth† not to portray the mental and physical effects of war like â€Å"Disabled† and â€Å"Mental Cases†, but to explain how a whole generation of men were subject to gruesome injuries or brutal deaths during the First World War. The title is deliberately ironic because the word â€Å"Anthem† usually suggests celebration; however the tone of this poem is bitter and mournful. It also infers that Owen is mocking poets like Rupert Brooke who say it is honourable to die in the war. The first line is a rhetorical question and it uses plosives, portraying an angry tone. The metaphor â€Å"for these who die as cattle† is effective because it infers that the soldiers are being slaughtered. The soldiers are referred to as â€Å"Doomed Youth† as there were â€Å"no prayers nor bells† for them as they died on the battlefield, just the â€Å"monstrous anger of the guns†, suggesting that the amount of deaths were so widespread there was no separate emotion for each man, their deaths were unimportant like that of cattle. This personification also infers that the weapons were taking control of the soldiers and that their actions are that of monsters. Owen portrays how there is no time for sentiment of the battlefield in the line: â€Å"The shrill demented choirs of wailing shells;† this personification is effective because when a person dies they are believed to be â€Å"at peace†, but when you die on the battlefield the destruction and devastation carries on around you regardless. Owen portrays how the men came from ordinary backgrounds in the phrase: â€Å"sad shires† and he describes how the family of the soldiers’ did have funerals for them back at home in the line: â€Å"what candles may be held to speed them all?† The devastation of their deaths is shown through the line: â€Å"the pallor of girls’ brows shall be their pall;† suggesting that their girlfriends are sorrowful and also by using the plural it shows how a whole generation of women may not be able to find husbands because so many young men were killed in action. In the last line, a â€Å"drawing-down of blinds† is a fitting way to end the poem, but it could also be associated with traditional drawing down of blinds in a room where a dead person lies and furthermore it infers that so many soldiers’ lives were now over. I enjoyed reading Wilfred Owen’s poetry more than the pre 1900 poetry as it gave me a realistic view of what the effects of war were on the soldiers and their families. World War One was the most devastating and barbaric war to date and therefore I believe that Owen’s poetry is more fitting as it gives a personal aspect to the poems, portraying the soldiers as humans, not just as statistics, but also showed them like animals to make the vast scale of the murders evident.

The presidency of Mexican president Porfirio Diaz Term Paper

The presidency of Mexican president Porfirio Diaz - Term Paper Example erm of presidency, Diaz found the state in almost bankruptcy under the rule of Gonzales, his friend and an ally.2 He immediately introduced reforms and established a solid banking system. He was able to improve the tax collection systems and had abolished sales taxes, production taxes and state tariff .3 For the first time also the country had achieved a balanced national budget in 18844. In 1893, Mexico attained a stature of being one of the most prosperous nations in Latin America having attained budgetary surplus.5 Mexico became rich and became one of the world’s largest gold and silver producer. When Diaz relaxed the mining laws and allowed foreigners access to subsoil rights and ownership of oils and metals contained in the ground, the mining industry went into a boom period never realized in Mexico for four centuries. DÃ ­az was able to make the Mexican peso in the ranks of strong currency as he placed Mexico under the international gold standard.6 Diaz implemented modernization program hoping to bring Mexico to a modern state level. 7 His host of advisers was composed of technocrats, which could be called today as scientists who embarked on program of railroad buildings and telegraph lines across the country. Under his administration also, the first railway was constructed, and the amount of railroad tracks increased by ten folds. Report says that these tracks remain operational until today.8 Under his rule, steam machines and technological appliances were introduced while at the same time inviting foreign investments to the country. As such foreign capital entered the country, factories were established, bringing forward urban development in Mexico.9 He amended the laws to attract foreign investors and allowed them to own sub soils minerals, mines and oil fields. His laws of land reform allowed a big chunk of surveyed lands to be owned by foreigners. He assured his foreign friends that they would win against any lawsuit instigated by Indian

Desktop Publishing (DTP) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Desktop Publishing (DTP) - Essay Example In practical use, much of the ‘graphic design’ process is also accomplished using desktop publishing and graphics software and is sometimes included in the definition of desktop publishing.† (Bear 2008) For the task of designing a newsletter to welcome students to the university, my foremost objective was to grab the attention of a new student who can be one of thousands on campus. Firstly, I have chosen a nameplate which clearly identifies the university and lends credibility to the publication and appended to it the â€Å"Welcome New Students† banner which also clearly identifies the publication as meant for new students. Red is the colour of choice for this banner deliberately so that it stands out from the rest of the page which are of more muted colours. In designing the nameplate, the right title must be chosen with important words isolated, the right type font used and size and position are carefully selected. (Gibbs 2002) The headline article affirms the new student’s decision of enrolling at the university and article content is the proud and warm welcome of the vice-chancellor. Although the article title is very noticeable, it is not expected that the reader will immediately proceed to read the lengthy article. Deliberately, a collage of interesting university photos have been used as visual for the article. Next, the resources at the university which should be quite important to new students is the next item in the eye path, so a stack of these facilities are immediately below the photos. The right hand column ends with the contact box which is another piece of important information for new students. The Choices at NTU list is designed as teaser items with graphic icons that depict what the resource is all about. Aside from drawing attention to each item on the list, the icon along with the type font used creates a visual element. â€Å"Nothing turns off a reader more

Ethically Bound and Legally Speaking -Discussion Essay

Ethically Bound and Legally Speaking -Discussion - Essay Example The medical team did what they could to save the life of the patient. The patient emerged from surgery alive but was clearly going to have a very low quality of life if he lived long. Hours after the surgery, the patient developed complications and was clearly experiencing excruciating pain in different parts of his body. I realized that the patient was not going to live long. His condition deteriorated by the minute in spite of the efforts that the medical team were applying. Meanwhile the costs associated with his care continued to soar even as his quality of life dwindled and level of pain increased. The temptation to turn off the life support machines was high if not to save the patient from the pain he was suffering then to save his family from incurring additional costs for his care. He was going to die shortly; within a few days or weeks at the most anyway. I was torn between applying the principles of beneficence and nonmaleficence. The principle of nonmaleficence dictates that clinicians should do no harm to their patients (Aveyard, 2004). On the other hand, the principle of beneficence dictates that clinicians act in the best interest of the patient such as by taking action to prevent physical harm or pain (Aveyard, 2004). By switching off the life support machines, I would save the patient the agony he was going through as a result of his injuries and low quality of life. On the other hand, I would seem to have done the patient harm by switching off the machines. In the end, I decided to go by the latter. We opted to do the best we could to make the patient feel less pain even as he approached his death naturally. I believe the stand that I took was appropriate especially considering my strong belief in the sanctity of life. The alternative action would have been to switch off the machines and save the patient from having to endure so much pain. This perhaps

LEADERSHIP Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

LEADERSHIP - Term Paper Example In this context, it can be said that having open heart requires leaders to stimulate and encourage others for taking a chance to foster desired changes. On the other hand, having open determination necessitates leaders to take risks and brave steps. Essentially, making a positive difference in the professional context requires executing the unconventional aspects. Every challenge includes confrontation of status quo. This denotes that in order to make positive differences, leaders will need to experiment the unconfirmed aspects, dug deep in the implicit aspects and challenge the unrestrained parts (Wren, Hicks and Price 3-47). THESIS STATEMENT Focusing on this aspect, the paper discusses how a leader in a professional context can challenge the status quo and make a positive difference. The objective of the paper is to identify the challenges which can be faced by a leader while making the difference. Furthermore, the paper also intends to develop a plan for changing the present profe ssional context. In line with this aspect, the paper further provides examples of two exceptional leaders in the field of politics who had made positive differences in their field namely Franklin Roosevelt and George Washington. PLANNING FOR CHANGE AND IMPROVEMENT IN PROFESSIONAL CONTEXT In the professional field, change has become a common mode of operations for most of the organizations. The change initiatives are intended to improve the performance of organizations. One of the key skills required for a leader to commence such changes is ‘context thoughtfulness’, i.e. the capability to understand the context and accordingly plan methods for change which would be effective for such a context. Successful change necessitates context-based approach. In the professional context, there are several approaches which require the consideration of a leader such as change type and management style. A common way of describing the type of change is to syndicate speed related to cha nge with the level of change. In accordance with speed, change can be reactive or proactive. Reactive context is a type of context where organizations require undertaking certain changes instantly due to a crisis situation. On the other hand, proactive context is a context which is related with long-run strategic development. In this aspect, the planned change is based on proactive context, i.e. the planning would be made for developing the context on a long run basis. This type of change in the professional context is referred as system change i.e. implementing more sophisticated technology in the workplace. This change will definitely lead to changes in policies, processes and job roles of people in the organizations. The key reason for change is to enhance the benefits of an organization with respect to more productivity and effectiveness (Hailey and Balogun 153-178). Successful change requires changes from status quo to future state. Following is the plan for changing status quo in professional context: Demonstrating the Change: This is a phase in which a leader requires demonstrating various ways to change ‘status quo’. In order to shape the behavior of people effectively towards change, values of change will be expressed to everyone within the organization. The value will comprise both individual

Discuss the maintenance of altruism in the social amoeba Dictyostelium Essay

Discuss the maintenance of altruism in the social amoeba Dictyostelium doscoideum - Essay Example The separation of cheaters reduces the occurrence of cheating by the high genetic relatedness selection of cheaters according to the Kin-selection theory. In the social amoeba Dictyostelium Doscoideum which occurs in soil samples, the relatedness in natural groups is high enough to prevent the spread of destructive social cheaters. High relatedness can control a mutant that would otherwise at low relatedness destroy cooperation. The importance of relatedness is however challenged by the life cycle of social amoeba in the selection to prevent cheating. The altruism of amoeba is featured in the death of some amoeba to ensure the survival of the majority. When the bacterial source of food of amoeba that are naturally solitary organisms is depleted, they aggregate themselves to form a multicellular fruiting body where 25% of the cells die to form a stem that raises the remaining cells high enough for dispersal (Gilbert et al, 2007). The mixture of different clones creates the opportunity for cheaters and co-operators to form the group where they can cheat each other, for example in avoiding creating the stalk. Gilbert et al (2007) used mechanisms such as the estimation of relatedness in nature, searching for cheater mutants in nature and the examination of the cheating advantage of the fbxA . The relatedness is high in the co-operative groups of Dictyostelium Doscoideum since the organism forms fruiting bodies more often with organisms of the same kin. Fruiting bodies that were observed 92% were found to be of one clone (Gilbert et al, 2007). The high level of relatedness reduced the opportunity of cheaters gaining by avoiding forming the stalk which would be costly to the survival of the cells. The socially disruptive cheating mutant fbxA which cheats in chimeras was found to produce little or no spores on its own and hence it would be disastrous if allowed to spread. It would spread at low relatedness to reduce co-operation in the normal fruiting of cells and red uce the formation of spores which could result in extinction. Similarly, the mutant dimAÂ ­? is a social defector that fails to react to the signals to become part of the sterile stalk. The pleiotropic effect due to high relatedness of cells which occurs late during their development discourages cheating hence the dimAÂ ­? is usually unsuccessful. According to Khare et al (2009), some of the mechanisms that can be used to restrain cheating behaviour in nature include lowering the fitness of the cheater by intrinsic selection, pleiotropy of the cheater gene, the high genetic relatedness in natural populations, discrimination on the basis of kin as well as the evolution of the resistance to cheating. This is applied by a population of mutations that are able to resist cheating but this evolution is disadvantageous since it could result in new cheating strategies that could result in the demise of co-operation in these populations. In the research to find out whether it was possible to yield mutants that could resist cheating and still remain co-operative, Khare et al (2009) mixed different mutated cells and allowed them to develop into fruiting bodies and spores. They found that in a natural population of Dictyostelium Doscoideum the wild type allele was replaced during the development of the cells by a mutation that were predicted to be resistant to cheating. They also mixed wild type cells and mutant cells with cheater cells in a ratio 1:1 to

Annual reports of Boots Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Annual reports of Boots - Essay Example Return on capital employed has dropped from 18.15% in 2004 to 13.95% in 2005. Gross profit margin shows how much profit was made out of every dollar of sales before covering operating expenses. The gross profit margin has only improved very slightly from 45.67% in 2004 to 46.05% in 2005. Net profit margin shows how much profit was made out of every dollar of sales after covering all costs and expenses. The net profit margin has decreased from 7.73% in 2004 to 5.53% in 2005. Return on assets shows how much profit was earned out of every dollar of total assets. Return on assets has declined from 11.75% in 2004 to 8.76% in 2005. Return on owners' equity shows profit available to equity owners out of every dollar of their investment. Return on owners' equity has also decreased from 22.76% in 2004 to 18.78% in 2005. The downward trend of the profitability ratios indicates weakness. Liquidity ratios are indicators of short-term financial stability. They show whether the business is able to meet its current debt obligation. The liquidity ratios include current ratio and acid test ratio. The current ratio shows the company's ability to meet its current debt obligations (due within 12 months) with assets that can be converted into cash within a short period. Though the current ratio has decreased from 1.5170 in 2004 to 1.4671 in 2005, it is still considered satisfactory being more than 1. This means that the current assets can cover current liabilities with a margin of safety. If the ratio is too big, it may mean that the firm has too much liquidity and is not optimising its investment opportunities. The acid test ratio shows whether the firm has sufficient liquid resources (assets that can be converted into cash very quickly) to meet its current liabilities. The acid test ratio indicates weakness as it has decreased from 0.9086 in 2004 to 0.8027 in 2005. The rati os in both years are less than 1, which means that the company may have difficulty in meeting its short-term financial claims with its liquid assets. Use-of-assets ratios indicate operating efficiency and how well the assets

Learning Technology Essay Example for Free

Learning Technology Essay Due to their nature, a lot of possibilities are opened up in virtual worlds that are not present in the real world. These can make it highly conducive to learning new things. For instance, students that are separated by geography can share a class. A virtual environment ensures that procedures or demonstrations normally limited by scope or expense can be repeated, observed and redone as often as necessary. The very idea that is entertainment, and not just another â€Å"day in class† provides a stimulus to education that real schools often lack. The greater opportunity for collaboration, relative safety and convenience provided by online gaming certainly makes it a solid platform capable of delivering the lessons of the future. Cons of Using Second Life as a Learning Technology Some aspects of learning can never be completely replaced however. While Second Life may offer a greatly enhanced experience and rapid transfer of information, it is still nothing like face-to-face interaction. A wholly automated method of teaching is still prone to disruption and malicious griefing, especially in an online game like Second Life. And virtual objects will never be a substitute for tangible things, making it difficult for educational applications that require hands-on training. Overall, the pros outweigh the cons, and many institutes of higher learning are already aware of this fact. Utilizing Second Life as a Educational Tool for the Real World Learning a new language is an effort that can be greatly enhanced by interaction with elements that are connected to the culture in some way. There a quite a few themed regions in Second Life that are almost perfect replicas of their real-world counterparts, complete with native speakers to boot. Virtual tourism is the perfect way to learn and remember commonly-used phrases before the real trip. References Kock, N. , Verville, J. , Garza, V. (2007). Media naturalness and online learning: Findings supporting both the significant- and nosignificant-difference perspectives. Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education, 5(2), 333-356.

Achieving Competitive Advantage Essay Example for Free

Achieving Competitive Advantage Essay What roles do traditional process management duties of planning, organizing, and controlling play in project management, if any? Answer: The traditional managerial duties of planning, organizing, and controlling all apply to project management. Project managers must be technically well versed, proficient at administrative functions, willing and able to assume leadership roles, and above-all, goal oriented. The project manager is the person most responsible for keeping track of the big picture Diff: 2 Section: 1. 1 What Is a Project? Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag. Reflective 4) Why is project management challenging? Answer: Projects present challenges for a number of reasons; by their nature they are often dramatic departures from the routine process-oriented work that employees are accustomed to. Projects face budget, time, and resource constraints and these resources must often be marshaled from across the organization. Diff: 2 Section: 1. 1 What Is a Project? Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag: Reflective 5) Why are projects important? Answer: Todays businesses face a set of pressures that make projects crucial in helping an organization achieve its strategic goals. These pressures include shortened product life cycles, narrow product launch windows, increasingly complex and technical products, the emergence of global markets, and an economic period marked by low inflation. Diff: 1 Section: 1. 2 Why Are Projects Important? Skill: Definition AACSB Tag: Reflective 6) What changes in the business environment have necessitated a greater use of project management skills? Answer: Todays businesses face a set of pressures that make projects crucial in helping an organization achieve its strategic goals. These pressures include shortened product life cycles, narrow product launch windows, increasingly complex and technical products, the emergence of global markets, and an economic period marked by low inflation. Diff: 2 Section: 1. 2 Why Are Projects Important? Skill: Factual AACSB Tag: Reflective 7) Why is project management considered an excellent training ground for future senior executives in many organizations? Answer: One of the unique aspects of projects is their unique blend of technical and behavioral challenges. The technical side of project management requires managers to become skilled in project selection, budgeting and resource management, planning and scheduling, and tracking their projects. The behavioral side of project management requires project managers to bring together individuals from across the organization, mold them into a team, manage conflict, provide leadership, and engage in negotiation and appropriate political behavior. Diff: 2 Section: 1. 2 Why Are Projects Important? Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag: Reflective 8) Describe the activities that occur at each stage of a project. Answer: Stages in a projects development are referred to as the project life cycle, which consists of conceptualization, planning, execution, and termination. In the conceptualization stage the scope of the work is determined, necessary resources are identified, and important organizational stakeholders signed on. In the planning stage all detailed specifications, schematics, schedules, and other plans are developed. Individual pieces of the project are broken down, individual assignments are made, and the process for completion is delineated. During the execution phase the system is developed or the product is created and fabricated. Termination occurs when the completed project is transferred to the customer, the projects resources are reassigned, and the project is formally closed out. Diff: 1 Section: 1. 3 Project Life Cycles Skill: Definition AACSB Tag: Reflective 9) Where in the project life cycle are the intensity level of resources and client interest at their highest? Why is this the case? Answer: The intensity level of resources peaks during the execution phase of the project life cycle. The actual work is performed during this phase, so the commitment of financial, human, and technical resources peaks at this time. The level of enthusiasm or concern expressed by the projects intended customer peaks in both the conceptualization and termination phases. The client is initially very interested because they provide input on the goal and specifications of the project. Project work moves out of the conceptual phase to a more internal mode and the clients interest wanes until the project nears delivery. At this point the clients interest peaks again as they prepare to receive the completed project and all the associated benefits. Diff: 2 Section: 1. 3 Project Life Cycles Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag: Reflective 10) Rank the determinants of project success from most important to least important and justify your rankings. Answer: Answers with regard to ranking may vary since, for example, circumstances may dictate that time is an overriding concern at the expense of quality and cost. The determinants of project success are: conformance to budget, schedule, performance specifications, and client acceptance. Time – Projects are constrained by a specified timeframe during which they must be completed; they are not supposed to continue indefinitely. Cost – Projects must meet budgeted allowances in order to use resources as efficiently as possible. Performance – Projects are developed in order to adhere to some initially determined technical specifications. Performance measurement means determining whether the finished product operates according to specifications. Client acceptance – Projects are developed with customers in mind; their purpose is to satisfy customers needs. If the completed project meets all internal criteria but does not satisfy the customer, then the project has not been a complete success. Diff: 3 Section: 1. 4 Determinants of Project Success Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag: Reflective 11) Discuss the internal and external measures of project success. Answer: The determinants of project success are the internal measures of time, cost, and performance and the external measure of client acceptance. Time – Projects are constrained by a specified timeframe during which they must be completed; they are not supposed to continue indefinitely. Cost – Projects must meet budgeted allowances in order to use resources as efficiently as possible. Performance – Projects are developed in order to adhere to some initially determined technical specifications. Performance measurement means determining whether the finished product operates according to specifications. Client acceptance – Projects are developed with customers in mind; their purpose is to satisfy customers needs. If the completed project meets all internal criteria but does not satisfy the customer, then the project has not been a complete success. Diff: 1 Section: 1. 4 Determinants of Project Success Skill: Factual AACSB Tag: Reflective 12) Describe the elements of the Atkinson model of project success. Answer: The Atkinson model incorporates the input of all stakeholders in assessing project success. Stakeholders are all groups that are affected by a project, for example, employees, customers, end users, the community, suppliers, etc. The Atkinson model begins with the traditional iron triangle of time, cost, and performance and adds considerations of the benefits accrued by organizational end external stakeholders. Diff: 2 Section: 1. 4 Determinants of Project Success Skill: Factual AACSB Tag: Reflective 13) One model of project success offered in the chapter looks beyond the current project into the future. Comment on the elements of this model and their impact along the timeline from project completion to well beyond this point in time. Answer: This framework was proposed by Shenhar, Levy, and Dvir and contains in chronological order, the elements of project efficiency, impact on the customer, business success, and preparing for the future. The immediate measure of success is efficiency, that is, have the project budget and schedule been achieved? More important, have the customer needs, technical specifications been met? Next, has the project achieved the commercial success that was hoped for? Finally, has the project opened new markets or new product lines, helped develop new technologies, or developed new skills for the organization? Diff: 2 Section: 1. 4 Determinants of Project Success Skill: Factual AACSB Tag: Reflective 14) What are project management maturity models used for? Answer: Project management maturity models are used to allow organizations to benchmark the best practices of successful project management firms. Project maturity models recognize that different organizations are currently at different levels of sophistication in their best practices for managing projects. Diff: 2 Section: 1. 5 Developing Project Management Maturity Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag: Reflective 15) Describe the spider-web methodology for displaying project management maturity and present any five components of project management practice that can be displayed using this technique. Answer: A spider-web diagram (or radar chart) derives its name from its visual similarity to a spider-web, consisting of some number of spokes connected by concentric rings. The spokes represent the components of project management practice that the organization chooses to measure. The rings represent levels of achievement for each of the components. Diff: 2 Section: 1. 5 Developing Project Management Maturity Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag: Reflective 16) Describe the project management characteristics of firms that reside at the lowest levels of the ESI, SEI, Center for Business Practice, and Kerzner maturity models and characteristics of firms that reside at the highest levels of these models. Answer: The lowest level of each model is occupied by companies that have no clear sense of project management. There is no common project management language within these companies and management processes, if any exist, are ad hoc. Firms occupying the highest level of project management maturity are project savvy; having progressed beyond simply applying project management to processes. These firms actively explore ways to continuously improve project management techniques and procedures. Diff: 3 Section: 1. 5 Developing Project Management Maturity Skill: Conceptual AACSB Tag: Reflective 17) What are the three levels of the generic project management maturity model and what are the characteristics of a company at each level? Provide examples of organizations at each of these levels and support your choices. Answer: The lowest maturity level of the generic model is reserved for companies that have an ad hoc approach to project management. There is no common language for project management and little support for project workers and the projects. At the moderate maturity level, the organization has defined practices, some training programs for project management and organizational support dedicated to these efforts. At the high maturity level, the process of project management is institutionalized and there are continuous improvement efforts underway from one project to the next. Example organizations will vary. Diff: 3

What to Do if Your Dog is Constipated

What to Do if Your Dog is Constipated Dog constipation is usually something that dog owners shouldn’t worry about as most of the dogs will likely be constipated at some point in their lives. Concisely, constipation is the inability of the dog to defecate normally. If your dog seems to be exhausting while passing his stools or maybe his stools are unusually hard, he probably is constipated. Normally, the body of the dog can deal with the problem on its own, but if constipation lasts over a few days, you need to take steps to ease the dog. Dog constipation- What to do if your dog is constipated? Can dogs get constipated to an extent that it becomes troublesome for the dog? The answer lies in the fact that constipation in dogs is a common occurrence due to the modern day diet they are given by their owners. In some cases, the constipation is so severe that it is impossible for the dog to pass tools without external help. My dog is constipated. What should I do? Well, here are few of the things you can do to offer immediate relief to your dog: Soak a washcloth in warm (not hot) water. Now, using this damp cloth put a little pressure on the stomach of the constipated dog, stroking downwards towards the anus. This action mimics the natural way a mother dog uses its tongue to help the puppy eliminate trapped gas and the waste accumulated in the stomach. Always keep lot of water near your pet as lack of water can put his kidneys at risk. In order to prevent constipation from happening, provide your dog with lots of vegetables in his meals. Many individuals use a variety of green vegetables with wetted dry dog food. Remember that exercise is a good remedy for constipation. Depending on the age and condition of the dog, a long walk or an energetic play does a fantastic job of reviving a sluggish bowel. Constipation is rare in puppies, but should your dog ever gets constipated, he can easily be comforted by the use of enema. An enema could be administered through a # 8 feeding tube, which is mounted on a syringe filled with around 3-4 cc of warm water (the amount depends on the size of the dog). Put small amount of KY Jelly (or petroleum jelly) on the end of this tube, and insert the tube into the dog’s rectum, perhaps an inch (again that depends on the measurements of the dog). Slowly push the plunger until the liquid formula has completely disappeared from the syringe. In just few minutes, you will get the desired results. Causes Symptoms of a Dog Constipated Causes of dog constipation A dog that is suffering from constipation spends more than usual in releasing his stools, as well as the resulting stools are small, round and hard. It certain that if your puppy is constipated, he is undergoing great trauma. One of the main reasons for constipation is insufficient water intake and too much gap between two potty breaks. With that said, here are some of major causes of constipation in canines: 1. Excessive Licking Excessive licking of hair can harden the hair, which might block the colon. You must find out the cause of excessive licking and eradicate it completely. 2. Consumption of foreign objects Consumption of foreign materials such as gravel, rocks, toys, dirt, bones and fabric can also contribute towards getting the dog constipated. If objects are abnormally large, they might injure the colon while the dog attempts to pass them. You might even need surgery to remove them. 3. Surgery Constipation is one among the several side effects of surgery. So, don’t be worried if your dog doesn’t have bowel movements for a few days after he has undergone a surgery. 4. Certain medications can cause temporary constipation Certain medications could cause temporary constipation in canines. Your veterinarian will almost certainly suggest a stool softener to resolve the problem. 5. A dog that shouldnt be constipated according to his medical reports must be checked for electrolyte disturbances. This could be a serious clinical characteristic of a metabolic disease that might have manifested in the dog. 6. Older dogs often have their prostrates enlarged. The prostate is located just beneath the colon. When it enlarges, it presses against the colon and reduces the width of the route it has for the passage of feces. Alternatively, there might be a tumor in the colon, narrowing the passage further. Neutering the dog and/or removing the tumor will generally correct such problems. Dog Constipation Symptoms How to tell if your dog is constipated? There are many signs and symptoms of constipation in canines that can easily be seen by those that are in close contact with the dog. Common symptoms One among the obvious symptoms of constipation is difficulty in defecation. This difficulty can manifest itself in a few different ways, including excessive stress and the inability to generate a bowel movement at all. Sometimes dogs release small amount of fluid from their anus after an effort. You can consider your dog as constipated if he does not have a bowel movement for more than two days. Additional symptoms Some dogs with constipated stomachs might still have the ability to release their stools; however, the stools they release are often very hard and dry. You might also notice the obvious pain that the dog feels (exhibited by whining, grunting and hunching) while defecating. The dry stools and constant straining might turn the anus red. In other instances, the stool contains blood and mucus. Symptoms of severe constipation In the advanced stages of constipation, dogs experience decreased appetite, give up eating completely or vomit a lot. They could also become bloated and lethargic due to compacted stools. Constipation might also cause depression in dogs. Many of them might stop responding to their favorite play activities and treats. If your dog is experiencing any one of these symptoms, call your veterinarian immediately. Some other symptoms A clear indication of constipation in pet dogs is visiting the toilet frequently with little success. Other noteworthy indications of constipation are listed below: Mental stress Loss of appetite Reluctant to do physical activities Increased whining Abnormal gait Difficulty in walking Abdominal distension Swelling and soreness in the anal region Painful bowel movement Straining while defecating Passing very hard stool Passing very difficult stools Dog Constipation Remedy Remedies for dogs with minor constipation What to give a dog for constipation that is not major? Below mentioned are some of the best treatments that are meant for minor constipation. In case the problem persists for more than seven days or perhaps the stool contains large amounts of blood or mucus, consult your veterinarian before starting any treatment. Make use of a stool softener Minor constipation can usually be treated with the help of a stool softener. Laxatives for dogs are easily available on most of the pet stores. Read and follow the instructions on the label to ensure that you never overdose your pet. Lubricate An old remedy for dog constipation that is still in use today is lubricating the colon of the dog. Veterinarians usually recommend mixing such lubricants in food instead of feeding raw. Make sure that you adhere to the dosage to prevent further complications. Change his diet Try adding fiber to your dogs food. The fiber will not be absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract of the dog due to which it stays in the large intestine, adding to the volume of the stool. This boost in volume conveys strong sensory stimulation to the colon encouraging it to release the stools. You can easily purchase high fiber diet recipe from the market, which can further improve the mobility in the colon. Give him milk Milk often helps in problems like constipation. A Dog that is reluctant to drinking plenty of water tends to drink milk easily. Give him a small bowl of milk and let him lap it up. The dog will initially have running stools, but this should solve the problem of constipation. Plenty of exercise and clean, freshwater To keep the enzymatic system of your dog healthy, you need to keep your dog moving. Regular exercise will assist in pushing the stool out of the colon. On top of that, make sure that the dog drinks plenty of fresh water. Providing your dog with plenty of fresh water and exercise are among some of the best home remedies for dog constipation. Remedies for dogs that are heavily constipated What can you give a dog for constipation? Well, there are several home remedies that can even provide relief to dogs that are heavily constipated. Below mentioned home remedies will not only relieve your dog off his problem, but will also help him maintain proper digestion. Add digestive enzymes and probiotics Adding probiotics and digestive enzymes to the diet of your dog can significantly improve his condition. They can also act as a preventive remedy for indigestion, which is what causes constipation as well as other conditions like diarrhea. Use a highly digestible, low ash residue diet Some colons would perform better when the volume of stools is less. In order to achieve this goal, a low ash residue diet is used. With this diet, the body is able to absorb most of the nutrients, leading to lower volume of stools. Many of the bigger dog food makers are promoting diets that produce lesser stools as a treatment for dog constipation. Switch to canned food for a short time Switch to canned food but for a brief time. In case your dog is fed on dry kibble for a long time, check out quality canned food for 2 days. As the canned food carries more moisture in it, it will be easier for your dogs intestines to move such food. Feed your dog with ginger and chicken or beef broth Having these two ingredients in your dog’s food can help you relieve him off his constipation. This is also among the most popular remedies for dog constipation. Ginger helps upset the stomach and the fat in broth gets things moving. Use olive or vegetable oil This is a home remedy that you should not give many times to your dog, for the reason that it causes diarrhea. However, in times of constipation, adding one tablespoon of oil in your dog’s food can get all the irritable stuff out. This is one constipated dog treatment that is followed by dog owners around the world. Give him canned pumpkin in pureed form Canned pumpkin in its pureed form is a great stool softener and a natural remedy for constipation. Canned pumpkin for dog constipation is also a known remedy for soothing upset stomachs in dogs. It is very rich in fiber and adding just a couple of teaspoons of pureed pumpkin to your dog’s food can often start to show results almost immediately. Dogs can also be allowed to eat just the pumpkin. If the problem persists for over a few days, and there is blood coming out of the dog’s anus or your dog is vomiting, the issue is serious enough to seek veterinarian’s help. Homemade dog food- Avoid digestive problems for your dog Figuring out how to make dog food might seem like a big investment of time and energy. However, this investment of time is not as big as it seems once you know the right ingredients, and what your dog loves the most. Knowing these two things will help you prepare a meal for your dog in no time. With that in mind, here are some of the benefits of feeding your dog with home made dog food: Your dog gets more nutrition per ounce of food Home cooked food is not much more expensive than the commercial food available in the market. Considering the fact that your dog is getting all the nutrients he needs and will live a healthy life, spending a little extra on home cooked food is worth the investment. You have full control over the ingredients of your dogs food With home cooked dog food, you have full control over the ingredients that are going into your dogs food. You can customize the food according to the deficiencies present in the dog. This is one big advantage of home cooked food. Home cooked food doesnt cause any allergies in dogs Many of the dog owners switch to natural ingredients because their dogs start to develop different kinds of food allergies. With home cooked food, no such issue exists. Using the right ingredients When you feed your dog with homemade dog food, you have full control over the kind of fiber that is going into your dog’s food. Regardless of the kind of recipe you are using, make sure that it has at least some of the below mentioned fibrous ingredients in appropriate proportions: Whole oats Wheat bran Raw sesame seeds Psyllium seed (like in Metamucil) Ground flax seed Buckwheat Brown rice Food groups to use in dog’s food Learning how to make pet food is very different from knowing the food groups that are best for the dog, and the quantity in which they are required. Proteins, vegetables, starches and even fruits are some of the important food groups that your dog needs to consume on daily basis to meet his nutritional needs. Your dogs veterinarian should be able to provide the necessary treatment for constipation. You just need to make simple variations in your dogs diet and do all that is required keep your dog’s digestive system working well. If symptoms are severe, your vet might use X-rays to determine the cause of constipation, and perform the procedures necessary for remedying the problem.

social science :: essays research papers

I knew then that I wanted to devote my studies to learning how body mechanisms react to varying chemicals. Witnessing innovative pharmaceutical research had only intensified my passion for biochemistry, a subject I had become fascinated with in high school; it had intrigued me because it integrated my love of chemistry with my desire to learn more about biological processes. My A-level studies provided me with a solid introduction to biochemistry; I now seek a greater academic focus and more extensive research opportunities by pursuing a university degree. Throughout high school, my extracurricular activities sharpened skills I will need in my biochemistry course-even if the activities often involved dance and music rather than science. Each week, I spent the majority of my spare time participating in {List school-related music and dance activities}. I also participated in my local parish's band and was elected Band Leader by the other members. Serving in this leadership position has allowed me to shape a community music program and taught me just how much I have learned about time-management and commitment. My busy schedule has required me to carefully divide my time among my academics, extracurricular interests, family and friends; throughout it all, I have prioritised my academics while remaining firmly committed to my outside pursuits. During my biochemistry studies, this balancing act will prove extremely useful as I seriously dedicate myself to my academics while also maintaining time for my hobbies and relationships. Five years ago, I had the opportunity to visit Birmingham, England-and I loved every minute of it. The people, the culture and the location all sparked my interest in one day living in England.

Roosevelt Essay -- essays research papers

Theodore Roosevelt is said to have been one of the greatest presidents ever. Theodore Roosevelt expanded the role of the presidency into foreign affairs by using The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, this stated that the U.S. had the right to oppose European intervention in the western hemisphere and also to intervene itself in the domestic affairs of its neighbors. This was brought about when the government of Venezuela stopped paying their debts to European bankers. As a result European naval forces formed a blockade around the Venezuelan coast and began to bombard their ports. Roosevelt saw this action as a potential threat to the U.S. and threatened to use American naval power to pressure the European navy to withdraw â€Å"†¦the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an international police power†(Roosevelt Corollary). Theo dore Roosevelt’s first presidency came after the assassination of President McKinley. He was thought of as the first modern president because he was the first to get involved in foreign affairs, with his Big Stick Policy. Other things he did during his president that are remembered for are his Square deal, Hay-Pauncefote treaty, his corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, and his trust busting. The Big-Stick Policy came upon after Roosevelt said that his motto was â€Å"to speak softly and carry a big stick.† After this the p...

A Vast Improvement in Oneself

Many students today ask why they are so tired all the time. It also seems that people in college become more stressed out either because of grades or because of work. All people need to do is get the right amount of sleep, eating well, and exercise in order to feel better about themselves and feel good in general. This is not a short process. Most experts say that it takes about twelve weeks in order to see results. But, it is guaranteed that after that duration of time one will see a vast improvement in oneself. Sleep is something that most people take for granted. It is the one thing that people are willing to compromise even more then food or money. It is estimated that between 40 to 60 million Americans are sleep deprived. Different people can get by with different amounts of sleep. There are some that can survive the next day with only a few hours. Then there are always others who cannot be called after 9:00 because they need those good solid 10 hours. The average person actually needs anywhere from between 7-9 hours a night. Why does one need sleep? When human bodies do not get enough sleep they tend to lose strength, the immune system decreases, and there is an increase in blood pressure. As students, it can effect concentration, memory, logical reasoning, and ability to do math. Now that the problem is known here is how to fix it. Dr. Stanley Coren, a professor of psychology at the University of British Columbia, focuses on consistency. The body needs consistency. This can be fulfilled by simply going to bed at the same time every night and waking up at the same time every day. But, it is important to note that making up for lost sleep on the weekends is a big negative. It is preferable that if one likes to sleep on the weekends wake up at the same time Saturday and Sunday. When going to bed it should take about 15 to 20 minutes to fall asleep. If a half-hour has gone by and one still is not asleep one should get up and do something relaxing (i. e. take a warm bath, read, watch TV, etc. ). Rita Mattson, a Certified Personal Trainer and Stress Management Counselor, makes the suggestion of drinking warm milk before retiring to bed because milk contains a high dosage of L-tryptophan which is a natural sedative. Sleep is just as important as any other part of taking good care of ones self. Another key aspect is nutrition. Nutrition is the main thing that keeps the body working. So, if one wants to keep the body working at a certain pace it needs to be fed. But, one needs to know the right foods. Think of the body as a car. People drive cars every day and some people are fast drivers who like to go above the speed limit and others are slower. Nevertheless, all cars need gas sooner or later. So, the owner of the car takes the car to the gas station and now he needs to make a decision on which type of gas to put into the car. He knows that he cannot use diesel because his car cannot run on diesel gas. The choices are now unleaded, super unleaded, or supreme unleaded. Every car driver knows that the better quality of the gas the better the car drives and performs. Bodies are the same way. Know not to use â€Å"diesel. † But, when it comes to the other â€Å"gases† one has to think what does the â€Å"car† need to perform its best. For that reason, there is the nutrition pyramid to tell us what our bodies need the most and the least of. It is important to incorporate refined carbohydrates, proteins, vegetables, and fruit to ones diet everyday to ensure that the body works. The body also needs some sugar and fat. Today, people focus on â€Å"non-fat† foods. Sometimes these are not good for the body because in order to make something natural fat-free you have to put in chemicals to alter the original make up of the food. Chemicals are difficult for you body to digest therefore in a case like this it is best to go natural. Another reason that one needs to eat some fat and sugar is because this is what the body burns when you exercise. Exercise is what â€Å"separates the boys from the men. † In other words this is the number one thing that must be done to maintain a healthy body. First, one needs to know their body and what their body can endure. That depends on age, weight, and current level of fitness. The last factor determines how fast ones body burns fat. Second, figure the basal metabolism rate (BMR). The formula for that, according to Margaret Deutsch, is for adult males: weight in pounds times 12; for females: weight in pounds times 11. Also, for every 10 years older than 20 one should lower the result by 2%. Next, understand that different programs work for different people. People tend to go by the fad when it comes to picking an exercise program. Do some shopping around to see which exercise is not only fit for you but also is something that you will enjoy. Aerobic exercise is an example. Aerobic exercise is exercise, which essentially uses aerobic pathways to provide energy to the muscles involved. It is sometimes called a â€Å"endurance exercise† which means that the heart rate is raised to 70 to 85% of your age predicted Maximum Heart Rate (MHR), and held at that point for a uninterrupted 20 to 30 minutes. Another example is weight-bearing exercises. This includes picking up weights that are a portion of your body weight. To remain in shape one does not have to do a lot of it but one should do some. It is important in any type of exercising to avoid injury to the body from stretching before exercising to wearing the correct clothing. Civilization tends to be aware of the former but ignore the latter. Sports bras are a common example of women hypocritingly exercising and at the same time injuring the body. Skin and ligaments (elastic connective tissue) provide a delicate support frame for the breasts that can be damaged by too much bouncing and stretching. There are two types of sports bras: compression bras and encapsulation, harness-type bras. The first works better for smaller breasted women because of the fit and the second tends to work better for larger women. When choosing the correct one for you take into account: the fit, how much support it is giving for the exercise that is going to be done, fabric (does it absorb moisture well), seams and stitching to avoid chaffing, and mobility. After taking all these into account one can be assured that he is well prepared for the exercise routine. In conclusion, all the factors mentioned above can lead to a less stressful life. Sleep can help the body relax to deal with everyday pressure. People who eat a diet low in refined carbohydrates, sugar and caffeine, and high in whole grains, have shown a greater ability to cope with stress as in contrast to those who consume the opposite. Exercise, as well, is a way to release stress and tension (i. e. running, kickboxing, stair stepping, etc. ). If one keeps all the factors in mind a healthier happier life can be achieved.

Creativity in classrooms Essay

The reason why student complain of boredom and lack of variety in the classroom is, because of the lack of engagement, inability to make choices, and the lack of voice in the classroom. The biggest reason most students does not engage in classroom activity is because of the criticism they get from their teachers when they try to express their feels about something. Most teachers tend to focus more on quantity instead of quality, they focus more on how it’s being said instead of what’s been said. An evidence that supports this can be seen in the book Rethinking School- Teaching Standard English in our School by Linda Christensen pg 130. â€Å"When more attention is paid to the way something is written or said than to what is said, students’ words and thoughts become devalued. Student learn to be silent, to give as few words as possible for the teacher criticism. † Meaning, due to the criticism of teacher students tend to talk less to avoid been judged. In this this evidence one can clearly see that the criticism of teachers has a very big impact on us students in such a way that it makes us feel like what we have said is wrong, or bad, or stupid; due to this feels we tend to be less engaging in the class activity to avoid been judged. This problem can be avoided if teachers know when to correct, and how to correct a student mistake. When correcting a student don’t make them feel stupid or dumb for saying what they said but instead, let them know that you understand what they trying to say, and if you want to correct them, say something like, Here is another way to say what you just said, or you could say something like instead of using that vocab you could say this instead. By doing this, you are making the student feel more comfortable in making mistakes and also creating an atmosphere of growth in the classroom. Another reason students complain of boredom is due to the inability to make choices. Students are been told what to do and how to do it instead of allowing us to explore our interests. When we explore our interests, we are given an opportunity to bring in a unique set of perception and abilities that can be cultivated to expand our understanding. Different students have different ways of learning. For example, if we are giving a project in class to write an essay about a particular topic, some students will feel strong about writing an essay because they love writing essays, while other students wouldn’t feel strong because writing an essay isn’t their strong area. Instead of writing an essay they probably want to give a presentation, write a poem, or do other things and still answer the question which is the project. However, we are not been giving the privilege to do so because we are been told what to do and how how we are expected to do it. This method isn’t healthy for our education because those teachers are eliminating our ability to make choices which puts a limitation to our creativity or in some cases kill our creativity because we are being told indirectly our uniqueness isn’t important. This problem can be stopped/avoided by letting us do what we are more comfortable with, and by letting us explore different ways of ways of answering questions instead of enforcing us to answer the question the same way as everyone else,because we can’t grow from doing the same thing all the time. Lastly, another reason why students complain of boredom in PSA is due to the lack of voice in the classroom. The biggest reason students feel silenced is because, most classrooms tend to be more teacher-centered instead of student-centered. Most teachers love to do all the talking in the classroom which is unhealthy for the education of the students because it stifles the capacity of students to be active learners. Another reason why students lack voice in the classroom is due to some teachers inability to welcome/deal with controversies. Some teachers tend to avoid controversial issues such as racism, sexism, abuse, because they are not comfortable in sharing their own opinions on these issues with students. The inability of those teachers welcoming controversial topic and saying their opinion doesn’t only affect the student, but it also affects the teacher in such a way that they wouldn’t have the confidence in critiquing their own curriculum and method. Students voice can be regained by making them feel comfortable in sharing their ideas,and also creating an atmosphere of freedom by letting conflict and discussion unfold in classrooms. By doing this, students wouldn’t only learn to find their voice, they will also learn to be tolerance of others opinion and beliefs. Student boredom is a very big issue not only in Highschool, but also in college because at one point in time every students would have experienced either the lack of engagement, inability to make choices, or the lack of voice in the classroom. These problems can all be avoided by the simply creating an atmosphere of freedom in the classroom, meaning making students comfortable in making mistakes, nurturing our creativity by making us explore our interests, and making us comfortable in sharing our own opinion about controversial issues. By doing this, it will increase students maturity by making them tolerance of others beliefs and opinion, and it also makes us deeper inquirers because our ability to respond to controversial issues will make us voracious.

Audience Analysis and Reception Essay

Question: You are preparing to write a formal report to be presented to management at your workplace. What are some potential needs for this audience you should be aware of when writing the report? What are the risks of not considering the audience’s needs? As explained in week five (The University of Phoenix, 2014). Writing a Proper Report Writing a formal report to management can be difficult as well as time-consuming. You must know who your audience is and what important topics your management team wants to hear. It is very easy to get off track and present data that is not relevant to the audience that you are directing the report to. You must know your audience. There are several things the author writing the report needs to know, in order to ensure that the management team will understand. The first thing that should be considered is, knowing who your audience is. It is important to know who the managers reading this report are. This makes a difference because you want to capture an audience by the job they have. If the report is a descriptive report about product design, you will not want to write a report about sales revenue. The report must fit the audience. Another important factor the writer should know is, knowing the audiences special interests or prejudices they may have about the information you are going to present. It is important to write the report around the facts and to not try to put in too much feeling. Facts are the only things that should be considered. Let the audience think for themselves and make their minds up based on the data that is being presented. Be prepared and have charts or other supporting documentation ready and available, so that the report can be backed up to support the report. Always pay attention to grammar and watch for any syntax errors in your writing. It is crucial that the audience sees that the report is  credible, properly written and that it flows well so that the audience can understand the report. Formal reports are more detailed and have a lot more detail than a non-formal report. Paragraphing the formal report will be easy for the audience to read. There are a lot of risks involved if these guidelines are not met. The audience has particular needs that they will be looking for, and making certain that these measures are there will lead to success. In conclusion, it is crucial that writers understand who the audience is. A formal report should always have the information in it that fits the audience. You might lose your audience, and the report may be seen as non-credible if the facts are not presented the way they should be. References The University of Phoenix. (2014). Week Five: Audience Analysis and Reception. Retrieved from The University of Phoenix, XBCOM/275 website. Educational Psychologist. (2010). Writing for whom? Cognition, motivation, and a writer’s audience.. Retrieved from Educational Psychologist, XB/COM 275Communication Process Model website.

Speech ananysis

Communications Workshop: Evaluating a Speech Speech Analysis Worksheet Content Purpose: Speaker's background knowledge: the purpose of this speech Is to rally hope for the citizens of Berlin. Influences (traditional, cultural, historical): JEFF is a historical influence. Listener's background knowledge: I do not have much back ground knowledge upon listening to this speech. Delivery: Repeated words: 1. Berlin 2. Let 3. Them 4. Come 5. Beyond Emphasized words/phrases: 1 .There are some who say in Europe and elsewhere we can work with the Communists. Let them come to Berlin 2. â€Å"There are some who say communism is the wave of the future, let them come to Berlin† 3. â€Å"All free men, wherever they may live, are citizens of Berlin, and, therefore, as a free man, I take pride In the words â€Å"ICC bin nine Berliner†. 4. â€Å"ICC bin nine Berliners 5. † Freedom is indivisible, and when one man is enslaved, all are not free† Tone: the tone of this speech is firm well thoughtWord choice (positive or negative language): positive, JEFF wants to give the people hope. Rate of speech (fast, moderate, slow): Moderate, although the rate increases when he is short on breath. Appropriateness for audience, subject, occasion: yes, I believe so because it has no vulgar language and the occasion and topic of this speech is rather inspiring. Eye contact: moderate, looking around a lot. Facial expressions: he looks determined throughout the speech.Gestures: hand gestures Pauses: yes, to make his speech more meaningful and dramatic. Increases or decreases in speaking volume: no not really, it is at the same volume throughout the whole speech. Overall Impression Speaker: I think JEFF was a brilliant speaker. His word choice is incredible. The way he produces this speech is amazing. Speech: I think the speech is understandable and very clear and it inspired many people and gave them hope as it was intended to do.

Breakfast Roll Call

6:30 A.M. My peaceful sleep and surreal dreams are shattered by the boom of a howitzer cannon. The resounding thunder of the cannon rolls across Lake Maxinkuckee without hesitation. The Culver day has begun. A naA?ve callboy rushes to make reveille call: â€Å"Notice, sirs! Notice, sirs! Bravo Company sirs, notice! Reveille has sounded. Uniform of the day, Duty A, sirs!† I aimlessly shuffle my hands along the window ledge for my glasses; it doesn’t help being awake before sunrise. I lie in bed for a moment, half asleep, pondering the decision I made to become a Culver cadet. I guess I missed the brochure advertising reveille at 6:30. My feet slap down on the cold tile. I open my door to the hallway’s bright lights. The fortunate few who possess the talent to sleep through the cannon remain in their beds until I act as the cannon’s back up. Shuffling along the hallway, I fulfill my position as hall officer. The battered, half-broken broomstick I use every morning doesn’t miss a door—smack, wack. â€Å"Let’s go, get up!† But my words travel across the barren hallway without acknowledgment. On the way back to my room, I give an extra hard wake-up-call to any cadets still sleeping, this time using my fist and the broomstick—bang, wham. From inside the rooms, a common complaint escapes, â€Å"Ok, I’m up! Go away.† It’s too early for leadership. Once in my room, I take my clothes off, grab my towel, and retreat to the warmth of the showers. I turn on the closest knob. Cold water sprays out of the head at first. I jump and back away quickly, every time, I never remember. The callboy’s voice reaches the shower. â€Å"Notice, sirs! Notice, sirs! Bravo Company sirs, notice! First call to BRC, uniform for BRC, duty A, sirs!† My supply of warm water ends a bruptly and I abandon the lighthearted atmosphere of the shower room. In my room I put on my wool duty-pants and tight-fitting duty-A shirt. Formation in the company streets is dark and dreary. Unit Commanders shout commands. â€Å"Form up! Let’s go! Left face, right face.† First sergeants bark out names, â€Å"Carey . . . Here! Hamm . . . Here! Darnell . . . Darnell! Here!† A hundred and fifty drowsy infantry cadets march to the dining hall with the beat of a drum guiding them. Once we’re inside, food lines are long. Glasses slip from lethargic hands— Clink, clink, crshhh. I direct the new cadets to a table and remind them: Personal Inspection is at 7:20 a.m.

New Top-Level Domains Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

New Top-Level Domains - Essay Example The new domain system is therefore seen by Crossman as a means for the banking industry to take advantage of its new edge to also dominate the internet. Steve (2011) on the other hand sees the need to educate the ordinary user of the internet on the new domain system. Though Steve did not make specific mention of the banking industry, his advocacy on misconceptions associated with the new domain system would clear doubts among the players in the banking industry who may want to take advantage of the new system. The modern organization discussed in the articles is the banking institution. The first importance of the new domain system as discussed by Crossman (2011) is that there would be the room for personalization and customization. Such personalization and customization according to Crossman goes a long way to enhance company branding. He states that â€Å"this potentially opens up an opportunity for banks to market and brand themselves differently through their internet addresses (Crossman, 2011). With the current economic climate where the world is now recovering gradually from the global economic crunch that hit it, any form of publicity that brings customers closer to be business is very important in ensuring growth. If the new domain would, therefore, give banks the opportunity to identify themselves with customers, then this is good news for the industry. The second importance outlined is the fact that the new domain system will check online fraud and make online banking more secur e. Crossman (2011) quotes Javed who posits a rhetorical statement saying â€Å"no squatter in their right mind would go spend six months and half a million dollars so they could mess around with Bank of America's name, then get sued the following week and get a cease and desist order.  

An Analysis of the History and Development of the European Union Essay

An Analysis of the History and Development of the European Union - Essay Example This study focuses on the development of the European Union on account of integration. The European Community was constituted, in order to restore peace in Europe subsequent to the Second World War. It was formed with the sole objective of preventing war, and to bring about peace and friendship between the inimical countries of Europe. To this end, efforts were made to not only establish better relations between France and Germany, but also to reintroduce Germany into the comity of nations as a responsible and competent state. This move was undertaken, principally, to strengthen Western unity, which helped to establish unilateral action that dispelled the fear of retaliation by the Eastern countries. Therefore, the fundamental objective of establishing the European Community was to build up mutual confidence between the East and the West. The second objective of the EC was to eliminate economic disparities, which had emerged during the 1930s, in Europe by ignoring the global recovery policy. There was a huge economic crisis, and almost all the nations in Europe had sustained a downward economic trend. This situation resulted in a number of dictatorships. Subsequent to the end of World War II, the Organization for European Economic Cooperation or OEEC established some measures for economic uplift in the European nations. The European Community built upon the efforts of the OEEC and established a common market in Europe, by pooling all the economic resources of its Member States.

Questions on Hans Selye's Stress Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Questions on Hans Selye's Stress Theory - Essay Example If situations are supposed by the human being as traumatic, then this assessment will set in action a chain of stress-impacts mechanisms comprised of integrated behavioral and physiological, hard work to get used to the environmental hassle (Van, 2004). Stress is the unpleasant response people have to extreme pressures or other types of challenge located on them. There is an apparent dissimilarity between stress, which can generate a buzz and be an inspiring issue, and stress, which can happen when this stress becomes extreme (Unamaka, 1995). Causes of stress According to Hans Selye's Stress Theory, workplace stress is tough to pact with at the optimum of era, but when joblessness is elevated, redundancies are ordinary and struggle for promotions is so ferocious it’s terrifying, workplace stress steps go all the way through the roof. The difficulty with workplace stress is that it is habitually tough to recognize other than a universal emotion of stressful life at work (Taffinder, 2006). Being Overworked This is possibly the most clear of all the stress factors. If one has too a good deal work to do, scarce time to do it in, and awkward stress on one to meet those deadlines, yet the most competent worker is going to sense the intensity. Being Underworked Not common as a clear stress feature, but in the existing situation where redundancies are still being completed, no one needs to be viewed to be shaking their thumbs and being paid to do zilch on the organization moment. This is particularly solid if you have no jurisdiction over your workflow (Stankard, 2002). Job Security Situations have been hazy for more than 50 years and job safety does not really survive any longer. Although, in an economic recession when workers are laid off and hiring are not, the stress of not getting job safety can be gravely overstated. Job Succession There is nobody who wishes to linger constant position, on equal salary for an unlimited time, however, numerous skills are at the present stifled by bazaar in which there exist no employment or endorsement is being completed. Even though, you might have a occupation, not being capable to obtain to your subsequently phase can make you deem bored and fascinated, which can be stressful. The Incorrect Job When one discovers that he is in an occupation that you have inadequate skills to deal with, you will feel like one who is plummeting from the start.   When you cannot ask for guidance since one does not desire to confess one is not the right candidate for the job the stress increases to open up (Ralph, 1981). Guilt Traditions The unlucky result of a being short of job safety is that no one needs to attach their head above the ramparts and confess to mistakes in a situation that it can cost them their work. Unluckily, in this type of traditions, if one cannot confess to mistakes that one is improbable to evolution and be trained. In addition, when it comes to indicative the reason of issues that have arisen can create an ambiance of terror and wariness that is extremely stressful to job in everyday situations. Bad Management Being deficient in durable and successful organization can make a team wandering and persons in a situation of muddle puzzlement that is awfully stressful. On the contrary, over-management and small administration are claustrophobically stressful for personnel and put down no space for originality or enlargement. Harassment One might believe that when you leave suddenly the playing field bullying becomes a thing of the

Business continuity management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business continuity management - Essay Example BCM programs and plans are a part of risk management and emergency operations on the government level. At the beginning of the 21st century, government promotes new programs and policies aimed to protect all spheres of business and population. These decisions can have multiple influences and affects on the lives of civilians involved in the incident and the lives of rescuers, the lives of managers operating in the BCM system and population in general (Chandler, Wallace, 2004). Even seemed insignificant element of data that is missed or resource not assigned, a division or task force assigned to the wrong area or not tracked properly has resulted in catastrophic consequences for the entire population and business activities. For this reason, BCM supports considerably the development of improved accountability system for tracking personnel and resources, ministries and business agencies. Perception of the threat is a significant motivating principle for government, however, it influenc es the pace, nature, and extent of development and implementation of security policy and measures. The principle of the rule of law has been, and remains, a constant in current BCM policy. To promote and implement BCM programs, government introduces BCP (plans) for b

Terrorism---criminal justice Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Terrorism---criminal justice - Coursework Example The conversation on this topic has largely been avoided and there is little understanding among the public on this issue. Amimut refers to the Israel official policy of concealing information on nuclear weapons adopted in 1969 in the Nixon-Meir deal. Amimiut is a Hebrew term that means ambiguity or opacity. Amimut evolved out of various decisions that were continuously implemented due to strategic and political needs of the country. In the mid 1970s Shalhevveth Freier and the team of Israel Atomic Energy Commission (IAEC) formed the rules of the national doctrine on nuclear policy. The reasons for the country’s possession of nuclear were varied. Some leaders were of the opinion that the country’s possession of nuclear is a symbol of the country having a weapon of last result. Other leaders were of the opinion that Israel should not be the first country in the Middle East to be in possession of nuclear. During the Six-Day War, the then chief of Mossad, General Meir Amit was of the opinion that if Israel had nuclear weapons, this would act as an incentive for Soviet Union to supply Egypt wi th nuclear weapons. After an accident that occurred in Dimona complex in 1966 that left one person dead, the then Prime Minister of Israel Eshkol was shaken about the nuclear project and was of the opinion American diplomacy could be a better method. However, after heavy casualties that Israel suffered in the Six-Day War he changed his mind and supported the idea of the country creating a weapon and testing it in the desert so as to demonstrate the country’s nuclear capability (Cohen, A., 2013). Israel was also forced to make a stance of not been a signatory to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). This stance was because NPT was against the countries acquired nuclear capabilities. NPT also lacked adequate guarantees against protection by nuclear possessing countries such as the Soviet Union. Despite the heavy thought of the

Social Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Social Media - Essay Example This is a basic principle in the Internet, and the advent of social networking sites operate on the same idea. People can get connected with each other no matter what because lines are redundant. The Internet has since been given away by the military for civilian uses, for free and it is now a highly-evolved network. Businesses previously reluctant to put up a digital presence had been encouraged to put their own Web sites because of vast improvements in Internet technology primarily those dealing with secure on-line financial transactions. The introduction of the SSL or secure socket layer technology enabled people and business firms to conduct transactions in safe and secure manner, and this in turn gave birth to electronic commerce (e-commerce). A potential buyer can browse a Web site, and see high-definition graphics or video of a product or service. The latest phenomenon on the Web today is the new way of marketing to people, who can be reached anywhere. This vast potential cust omer base gave birth to social media marketing (SMM). This paper examines some of the relevant issues associated with the rise of SMM. Discussion Social media marketing is simply the practice of applying the principles of marketing or advertising to the digital world or cyberspace. In other words, advertising and marketing in those traditional media like print, television, and radio have been adapted to the social networking sites in which potential buyers and existing consumers of a product or service can interact with each other through that site, by registering as members of the site and using their comments, opinions, recommendations, and referrals give everyone on the site additional information to make buying decisions intelligently, like offering product choices or other alternative services. Social media marketing (SMM) is not to be confused with social marketing. The latter is using marketing techniques to promote desired behaviors or highlight a social advocacy, such as an ti-smoking campaigns, the dangers of alcohol abuse, environmental protection, promote a proper diet through better nutrition, reduction of waste, mitigate the effects of climate change, or other social changes to encourage healthy living. SMM, on the other hand, is a powerful tool for marketeers and advertisers if done correctly. In the proper hands, social media marketing helps to build up a brand and encourage customer loyalty over a much wider potential consumer base. It is a main reason why big and reputable multinational corporations, especially those in fast-moving consumer goods, engage in SMM today. It is cost-effective in terms of ad spending, it is interactive by which customers can exchange their views with the seller or manufacturer, it can easily be updated to reflect the latest product developments, and it provides a better content and context for what is being sold in that Web site. SMM provides many advantages or benefits, but on the other hand, there are also legal pitfalls for those who are not careful on its use. In this regard, a legally-astute social media marketing managers takes cognizance of the four components necessary to engage in e-commerce but mitigates the risks of

Research current regulations concerning head injuries Essay

Research current regulations concerning head injuries - Essay Example The football associations are holding discussions to allow players to be putting on helmets during the game. The regulation concerning the helmet prohibits an opponent from holding a players helmet and pulling the head around. This rule is meant to protect the players from neck injuries and possible impairment. Another rule concerning the head injury is the rule that prohibits an opponent player blind block on a challenger’s head. The head is a delicate part of the body hence the rule that protects the receiver of the ball from being tackled by the head. The tackle to the head may be head to head, hand to head incident, or foot to head incident. All these tackles result in head injuries and sometimes lead to concussions. Head injuries may lead to concussions or damages to the brain and even deaths. The regulations governing head injuries in football are being developed because of the consequences of the injuries (Nelson, 354-401). Players who get head injuries suffer at a later date from dementia, short term memory, and brain diseases. Another rule governing the head injury requires a player who shows signs of concussion like dizziness to remain out of the field that day. After a concussion, there are regulations which are followed before a player is allowed to play again. A player who is unconscious must be evaluated by the doctor before he is allowed back to the field. The players are kept off the field until they show no symptoms of concussion. In addition to that the regulations require an independent neurologist to examine the player instead of the team doctor. The regulations also require that a player who has suffered concussion cannot return to the field until after one day. The rules also require all the players to have a full awareness of the severity of concussions. The rules do not prescribe the maximum number of concussions, but that depends on the coach and player. Every